Animal diversity web university of michigan museum of zoology university of michigan. Distribution and status of the brazos water snake nerodia harteri harterijournalyear. Determination of the distribution and abundance of the texas. Several pointed, projecting scales are scattered across the back. Texas horned lizards phrynosoma cornutum are distributed across the united states and. Proceedings of the biological society of washington 21. Sincecornut is not a snack food, but is latin for horned, we end up with a horned. Introduction the texas horned lizard is a part of the history and culture of texas. Horned lizards are believed to be highly vulnerable to habitat alterations, due to extreme specialization on ants, particularly harvester ants pogonomyrmex spp. It is one of fourteen species of horned lizards, unique iguanians belonging to the clade phrynosomatidae. Effects of habitat manipulations on texas horned lizards and their prey. Applegarth pointed out that the three horned lizard species in southern new mexico represent a gradient of preferred habitats, from cool mesic grasslands p. Nesting and hatchling behavior of the texas horned lizard. Crown of spines on the back of the head, with the two center ones enlarged resembling horns.
With the advent of new methodologies, scientists now have the unique opportunity to sequence dna from museum. Horned lizards or horny toads are small lizards with bodies so flattened that they are almost circular in shape. Population genetic structure of texas horned lizards. Beginning in the 1970s, anecdotal accounts suggested that local population declines were occurring in many parts of oklahoma and texas black 1977, bigony. Sutton 19, 1915, 1922, 1940 identified horny frogs p. View phrynosoma cornutum texas horned lizard on the animal diversity web. A study of the habitat of the reptiles and amphibians1 of ellis county, kansas l. Pdf ecology of the pygmy shorthorned lizard phrynosoma. This is a predominantly desert species of sparse vegetation and, usually, a gravelly terrain applegarth 1979. Pdf habitat selection by foraging texas horned lizards. During the past summer, both authors have had oppor. Final report to oklahoma final report to oklahoma department of wildlife conservation, federal aid project e18.
Provide immediate notification to the state historic preservation officer in the event that. This lizard is brownish with two rows of fringed scales along each side of the body. Assimilation efficiency, water gain and water loss were estimated for texas horned lizards phrynosoma cornutum studied in the field. Fort rileys species at risk the texas horned lizard is a flattened, wide bodied lizard with numerous spines protruding throughout the body. Genetic diversity measures at ten microsatellite loci for 16 sampling sites with. A texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum at the san antonio zoo. The following bibliography contains articles printed primarily in scientific journals. His sudden realization of the use of the temporal horns on the females head as a mouthbite for the clasping male, led to publication of a second note oln the subject 67. The texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum is one of about 14 north american species of.
Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. A thesis submitted to the graduate council of texas state university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science with a major in wildlife ecology may 2017 committee members. The abundance and diversity of lizards was higher in mesquite coppice dunes than in adjacent grasslands. Texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum introduced. Phrynosoma cornutum developed in the deserts and steppe of north america, moloch horridus is found in the australian deserts and phrynocephalus arabicus inhabits arid areas in the near east and the arabian peninsula.
The texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum inhabits much of the southern great plains of north america. In fact, most texans have fond memories of growing up with texas horned lizards. Phrynosoma modestum girard 1852roundtail horned lizard. Phylogenetic relationships of horned lizards phrynosoma based. Parasites include roundworms skrjabinoptera phrynosoma, physaloptera phrynosoma, as well as flatworms diochetos phrynosomatis. Horned lizards are readily distinguished from other lizards by their wide dorsoventrally flattened body, skull adorned with a crown of horns, and spiny skin. Saw iguanidae phrynosoma cornutum catalogue of american amphibians and reptiles. Lararesendiz and others published phrynosoma cornutum texas horned lizard. Scientific literature horned lizard conservation society. Texas horned lizard, phrynosoma cornutum yaqui topminnow, poeciliopsis occidentalis sonoriensis san bernardino springsnail, pyrgulopsis bernardina chiricahua leopard frog, rana chiricahuensis lowland leopard frog, rana yavapaiensis northern mexican gartersnake, thamnophis eques megalops tropical kingbird, tyrannus melancholicus. There are a total of 2 collectors and 4 collection dates for the species.
What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information wikidata item cite this page. Thus we hoped that common structures among these species serve for the common goal of water acquisition. Eddmaps distribution this map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts, herbaria, and literature. Home range and genetics of texas horned lizards phrynosoma cornutum in two small towns in south texas electronic resource author. Ellis county is only a short distance west and north of the center of kan. Media in category phrynosoma cornutum the following 19 files are in this category, out of 19 total. The hibernation strategy of adult phrynosoma cornutum has been well documented, with the lizards typically remaining buried for about six months, october through april fair and henke 1997. Relationship of diet to body size in texas horned lizards phrynosoma cornutum author. Predatory behavior of captive greater roadrunners feeding. A study of the habitat of the reptiles and amphibians of. With a free trial of our online pdf converter, you can convert files to and from pdf for free, or sign up for one of our memberships for limitless access to our file converters full suite of tools. Habitat utilization by the texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum from two sites in central texas. The head has numerous horns, all of which are prominent, with two central head spines being much longer than any of the others. Reptile and amphibian species list united states fish and.
Phrynosoma cornutum, the texas horned lizard, is the texas state reptile. Structure and function of chihuahuan desert ecosystem the. Pdf population genetic structure of texas horned lizards. Habits and behavior of the texas horned lizard, phrynosoma. Reptiles and amphibians present at selman living lab amphibians bufonidae bufo woodhousii woodhouses toad pelobatidae spea bombifrons plains spadefoot toad. These articles can be obtained by requesting reprints from the author or by reading them. Null is the frequency of null alleles brookfield, 1996 eq1, indicates evidence for. Phrynosoma cornutum texas horned lizard reproduction. This texas horned lizard from new mexico, ran under a bush and quickly buried itself partially in loose soil.
Vverified occurrence xprobablepossible occurrence arizona strip phoenix kingman safford yuma tucson lake havasu plants aquarius milkvetch astragalus newberryi var. Background colormatching in the texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum author. Typeldty, plains of arkansas, restricted to fort riley, geary co. This gives us a greater understanding of appropriate habitat management and restoration goals. Information on the historical distribution was gathered from 1 museum records from oklahoma and major national museums, 2. You also get unlimited file sizes as well as the ability to upload and convert several files to pdf at the same time. Texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum the texas horned lizard or horny toad is a flatbodied and fiercelooking lizard. Since the 1950s, this species has been extirpated from much of its eastern range and has suffered declines and local extinctions elsewhere, primarily due to habitat loss. June 17, 2014 page 2 of 3 prairie ringnecked snake diadophis punctatus arnyi confirmed black ratsnake elaphe obsoleta obsoleta confirmed great plains ratsnake elaphe guttata emoryi confirmed western hognosed snake heterodon nasicus confirmed eastern hognosed snake. Phrynosoma cornutum, western burrowing owl athene cunicularia, and migratory birds protected under the migratory bird treaty act may be minimally impacted. Notes on the breeding habits of phrynosoma cornutum and other texas lizards.
Thus, to enhance this data file, he wrote to all of the. Texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutumrecent records. The historical genetic variation of a population has been a mystery for a long time. Pdf the texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum inhabits much of the southern great plains of north america. The texas horned lizard is also listed by various federal agencies. Keeping texas horned lizards phrynosoma cornutum post by jack4rogers. Department of biology, texas state universitysan marcos.
Oct 18, 2012 the following 9 files are in this category, out of 9 total. Bloodsquirting variability in horned lizards phrynosoma pdf. Texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum reptiles of. Also, isolated, introduced populations are found in the carolinas, georgia, and northern florida. The texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum belongs to a unique group of north. Phrynosoma cornutum texas horned lizard nocturnal nesting, eggs, nest predation, hatchlings. Texas horned lizard state listing petition center for biological. Smaller hornlike scales protrude from the sides of the head and jaw. Age determination is important when monitoring populations of conservation concern. Reptile and amphibian species list salt plains nwr updated. The texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum is considered a threatened species in texas and oklahoma, due to substantial range declines over the past several decades. Genetics, morphology and diet of introduced populations of the anteating texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum. This results in a total of 4 expeditions for the species, a. Determination of the distribution and abundance of the texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum in oklahoma.
In common with large true frogs and toads, horned lizards tend to move. Intercontinental community convergence of ecology and. To to minimize impacts on migratory birds, the texas horned lizard, and the western burrowing owl, all site preparation and utility installation would require either a. Phrynosoma cornutum texas horned lizard has a total of 6 valid, nonduplicated collections representing 3 counties and 4 localities. Horned lizards phrynosoma, also known as horny toads or horntoads, are a genus of north american lizards and the type genus of the family phrynosomatidae. Mgmt bulletin2v2 caesar kleberg wildlife research institute. Some distributional and ecological records of kansas reptiles. True to their name, horned lizards also have a row of enlarged scales around their head. Seasonal and ontogenetic changes in the diet of the australian skink egernia stokesii. The common names refer directly to their flattened, rounded body and blunt snout. Predictive species distribution models quantify the relationships between spatiallyreferenced occurrence data for a species and the underlying environmental gradients, resulting in a map of predicted distribution, or potential occupancy, for a species. Information and translations of phrynosoma cornutum in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Download fulltext pdf ecology of the pygmy shorthorned lizard phrynosoma tapaja douglasii in washington article pdf available in northwestern naturalist 912. Fish and wildlife service amphibians and reptiles of.
Characteristics of urbanization such as roads, buildings, exotic species and vegetative homogenization can create patches of habitat surrounded by poorquality, unfavorable areas. Definition of phrynosoma cornutum in the definitions. Little information is available concerning greater roadrunner geococcyx californianus predation on homed lizards phrynosoma bryant 19 16, milne and milne 19 50, broadbodied lizards with ossified spiny horns. Phrynosoma cornutum texas horned lizard is native to missouri collection summary. Apr, 2011 phrynosoma cornutum developed in the deserts and steppe of north america, moloch horridus is found in the australian deserts and phrynocephalus arabicus inhabits arid areas in the near east and the arabian peninsula. Combat in the horned lizard, phrynosoma cornutum jornada. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. The two longest spines are directly located behind the head and are specific to the species cornutum. The texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum is a small terrestrial lizard formerly found in grasslands and shrublands across most of oklahoma webb 1975. They are uncommon to rare on fort riley, and are likely only found in localized areas. Topics addressed in this brochure include, adaptations to avoid predation, diet, reproduction and other natural history traits of the texas horned lizard, as well as possible reasons for the species recent population decline and a summary of oklahomas regulations protecting horned lizards.
The life cycle of skrjabinoptera phrynosoma occurs between the stomach of texas horned lizards and harvester ants. Attachment 1 1 arizona blm sensitive species list october, 2005 az100 az200 az310 az410 az320 az420 az330 key. The combination of high temperatures and low humidity from lack of precipitation, as has happened frequently over the last few years in oklahoma, usa, can create desiccation cracks in dry, bare clay soil morris et al. Keeping texas horned lizards phrynosoma cornutum field. Habitat selection by foraging texas horned lizards, phrynosoma cornutum article pdf available in the southwestern naturalist 571. The orange coloration helps it blend into the rocky outcroppings and soil that it inhabits.
Predatory behavior of captive greater roadrunners feeding on. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Genetic analyses of the texas horned lizard, phrynosoma. Phrynosoma douglassii hernandesi girard there is a specimen of the shorthorned lizard in the mu,seum of the kansas state teachers college at hays, ellis county, that was collected locally in 1907. Moisture harvesting and water transport through specialized. Habits and behavior of the texas horned lizard, phrynosoma cornutum, harlan.
Thermoregulation during the summer season in the goodes. Genetic analyses of the texas horned lizard, phrynosoma cornutum. Digimorph phrynosoma cornutum texas horned lizard whole. Texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum inaturalist. Jornada sciencebased management strategies for sustainability of agriculture and other land uses. Phrynosoma cornutum texas horned lizard nocturnal activity. Horned lizard feces intact left then crushed right. As this petition explains, sufficient evidence documents that the. Horned lizards are as much of texas folklore as cowboys, longhorns, the alamo, and listening to coy. We found that fieldactive body temperature averaged 38.
July 01, 2014 mammals dipodomys microps celsus sylvilagus nuttallii pinetis sciurus aberti chuscensis idionycteris phyllotis taxidea taxus sorex palustris lepus alleni perognathus flavescens melanotis perognathus flavescens caryi myotis occultus sorex arizonae neotoma devia eptesicus fuscus. A mediumsized up to mm or 5 from snout to vent, exceptionally flat and wide lizard with two long, hornlike scales projecting from the back of the head. Phrynosoma cornutum harlan horned lizards are common in the kansas prairies, where they may occur either about rocky ledges or sandy areas. The texas horned lizard phrynosoma cornutum is one of about 14 north american species of spikeybodied reptiles called horned lizards. When one other lizard, sceloporus jarrovii, was tested, the venom had an ld 50 value of 28 mgkg. Seasonally skewed sexratios of roadcollected texas horned lizards phrynosoma cornutum. Water balance and assimilation efficiency of the horned. Even with some of the body showing, you can see that it is still wellcamouflaged. Phrynosoma cornutum az 22 grounddwelling phrynosoma modestum az 15 grounddwelling phrynosoma platyrhinos ca 45 grounddwelling phrynosoma solare az 4 grounddwelling sauromalus obesus ca 16 saxicolous sceloporus clarkii az 6 semiarboreal sceloporus jarrovii az 20 grounddwelling, low perches sceloporus magister ca, az 43 semiarboreal. Relationship of diet to body size in texas horned lizards.
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